The hills are known for their cardamom cultivation which began in the 19th century. The place is known for its dense forests and the natural undergrowth of wild cardamom. Other items cultivated here are tea, coffee, teak and bamboo. 

The Western Ghats is one of the top biodiversity hotspots in the world with an extraordinary variety of flora and fauna. It is home to roughly 350 globally threatened species.

The average elevation of the Cardamom hills is 2,637 metres with Anaimudi as the highest peak. The Anaimudi peak is located where the Cardamom, Anaimalai and Palani hills meet. The hills are a haven for wildlife enthusiasts as they can spot the Nilgiri Tahr, an endangered animal endemic to the Nilgiri hills, in Anaimudi enclosed by the Eravikulam National Park. Other wildlife found here are Indian gaur, Bengal tigers, Asian elephants and Nilgiri martens.

The Periyar Wildlife Sanctuary lies in the centre of the Cardamom hills. This area, including the Western Ghats and the Periyar sub-cluster, is one of UNESCO World Heritage Sites. 

The pristine environs and the eye-catching mountain valleys is a must-visit for shutterbugs, Nature lovers or just anyone who seeks tranquillity.